In Japan, where large-scale natural disasters occur frequently, the Basic Act on National Resilience was enacted in 2013 based on the idea of pre-disaster prevention measures. This led to the formulation of basic and regional plans and the promotion of measures related to national resilience, such as infrastructure development. In response to recent large-scale natural disasters, a three-year emergency plan and a five-year acceleration plan were formulated for implementation of urgent measures. As a result, measures worth US$413 billion were implemented over the 10 years from 2013. Every year, ministers from each ministry convene at the Prime Minister's command to follow up on the basic plan and discuss future measures, accelerating the strengthening of the nation's resilience.

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