Working with nature as an ally, rather than against it, is a core principle of nature-based solutions (NbS) for resilient infrastructure. There is no strict definition of what constitutes NbS for infrastructure resilience. Hybrid solutions that combine grey, green, and blue approaches may maximize infrastructure resilience against climate and disaster risks. They combine the predictability and protective capacity of engineered infrastructure with the adaptability, regenerative qualities, and multiple co-benefits of natural systems.

Embedding NbS in master plans, sectoral strategies, and concession agreements ensures that they are considered from the outset of infrastructure planning rather than treated as optional add-ons. To institutionalize the implementation of NbS at scale, infrastructure agencies should adopt integrated cost-benefit tools, update procurement guidelines, and standardize technical guidance and design manuals. The availability of adequate financial resources and well-designed financing instruments is essential for scaling up the use of NbS. Instruments such as blended finance, public-private partnerships (PPPs), and performance-based contracts can align incentives between public and private actors.