The study addresses growing disaster risks to infrastructure caused by climate change and extreme weather, which generate significant economic losses globally and in India. Focusing on roads, railways, and power sectors, it identifies gaps across policies, project lifecycles, data systems, capacity, and financing that limit the integration of disaster resilience. 

To address these, the study introduces two key instruments: a Resilience Cost-Benefit Analysis (RCBA) tool to demonstrate the economic returns of resilience investments, and a Disaster Resilience Toolkit to guide ministries and bidders in embedding resilience into project appraisal, design, contracts, and implementation.  

Based on global best practices and extensive stakeholder consultations, the study recommends revising standard contracts, mandating hazard risk assessments, strengthening data and monitoring systems, building technical capacity, and mobilizing innovative financing and insurance mechanisms. Together, these actions aim to institutionalize resilience, protect infrastructure investments, and support India’s long-term, sustainable economic growth.